{"id":1262,"date":"2026-10-23T08:03:38","date_gmt":"2026-10-23T08:03:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/?p=1262"},"modified":"2026-10-23T09:40:58","modified_gmt":"2026-10-23T09:40:58","slug":"llm-haberler-elektrik-fiyati-tahmini-ilk-veri-pilotlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/index.php\/2026\/10\/23\/llm-haberler-elektrik-fiyati-tahmini-ilk-veri-pilotlari\/","title":{"rendered":"LLM ile Haberlerden Elektrik Fiyat\u0131 Tahmini: \u0130lk Veri Pilotlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Haberlerle PTF Tahmini \u00b7 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir haberin elektrik fiyat\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan anlaml\u0131 olmas\u0131yla, tahmin an\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilir olmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fil. Tezimin ilk veri pilotlar\u0131nda en \u00e7ok \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fum konu bu oldu: Yaln\u0131zca ne bildi\u011fim de\u011fil, o bilgiyi ne zaman bilebildi\u011fim de tahminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Y\u0131ld\u0131z Teknik \u00dcniversitesi Veri Bilimi ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Veri y\u00fcksek lisans \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamda, haberlerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bilgilerin elektrik fiyat\u0131 tahminine katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum. Blogumda ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu akademik yaz\u0131 serisinde, ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorusundan veri toplamaya, deneylerden canl\u0131 uygulamaya kadar s\u00fcreci payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tezimin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <strong>\u201cELEKTR\u0130K ENERJ\u0130S\u0130 F\u0130YAT KEST\u0130R\u0130M\u0130 \u0130\u00c7\u0130N YEN\u0130 B\u0130R YAKLA\u015eIM GEL\u0130\u015eT\u0130R\u0130LMES\u0130\u201d<\/strong>. \u015eu anda cevap arad\u0131\u011f\u0131m soru daha somut: Tahmin an\u0131nda eri\u015filebilir haberlerden bir b\u00fcy\u00fck dil modeliyle \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131m enerji olaylar\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye&#x27;de ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fcn elektrik fiyat\u0131n\u0131 tahmin eden say\u0131sal bir modele ek bilgi sa\u011flayabilir mi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu ilk yaz\u0131, 20\u201322 Ekim 2026 aras\u0131nda tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00f6n ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve veri pilotlar\u0131n\u0131 kaps\u0131yor. Hen\u00fcz e\u011fitilmi\u015f bir haberli fiyat modelim yok. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k EP\u0130A\u015e veri eri\u015fimini do\u011frulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir haber \u00f6rneklemini inceledi\u011fim ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 deney tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011fum bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 var. Kod ve veri incelemelerini yapay zeka deste\u011fiyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan her \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131n\u0131n hangi kontrol\u00fc ge\u00e7ti\u011fini de kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6nce tahmin edece\u011fim fiyat\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hedefim T\u00fcrkiye G\u00fcn \u00d6ncesi Piyasas\u0131&#x27;ndaki <strong>Piyasa Takas Fiyat\u0131<\/strong>, yani PTF. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n konusu do\u011frudan t\u00fcketici faturas\u0131ndaki elektrik tarifesi de\u011fil, piyasan\u0131n saatlik fiyatlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131m g\u00fcnl\u00fck hedef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130lk kapsam\u0131 ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalamas\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131m. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma tan\u0131m\u0131m, hedef teslim g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn 24 saatlik PTF de\u011ferinin aritmetik ortalamas\u0131. Birim TL\/MWh. B\u00f6ylece her g\u00fcn i\u00e7in tek bir hedef de\u011fer \u00fcretece\u011fim. Saatlik tahmin, farkl\u0131 bir deney tasar\u0131m\u0131 gerektirece\u011fi i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 kapsam\u0131mda yer alm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Burada fiyat\u0131n teslim g\u00fcn\u00fcyle a\u00e7\u0131klanma saatini ay\u0131rmak gerekiyor. EP\u0130A\u015e&#x27;\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epias.com.tr\/gun-oncesi-piyasasi\/surecler\/\">normal piyasa s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde<\/a> ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fcn 24 saatlik fiyatlar\u0131 saat 14.00&#x27;te nihai olarak duyuruluyor. Bu y\u00fczden tahmini bu duyurudan \u00f6nce \u00fcretmek istiyorum. \u00d6rne\u011fin 11.00 bir kesim saati aday\u0131, ancak hen\u00fcz kesinle\u015ftirmedim. Tarihsel testte de canl\u0131 uygulamada da ayn\u0131 bilgi s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 kullanmam gerekecek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">EP\u0130A\u015e verisinde ilk kontrol<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130lk teknik ad\u0131m\u0131m, saatlik PTF ile g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalamaya ger\u00e7ekten eri\u015fip eri\u015femedi\u011fimi g\u00f6rmek oldu. 21 Ekim&#x27;de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00e7ekimde <strong>21 Eyl\u00fcl\u201320 Ekim 2026<\/strong> d\u00f6nemini ald\u0131m. Elde etti\u011fim veri 30 g\u00fcn ve 720 saatlik kay\u0131ttan olu\u015fuyor. G\u00fcnl\u00fck hedef a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu, 720 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z e\u011fitim \u00f6rne\u011fi de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca 30 g\u00fcnl\u00fck g\u00f6zlem demek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her g\u00fcn\u00fcn 24 benzersiz saat i\u00e7erdi\u011fini kontrol ettim. Eksik g\u00fcn, eksik saat veya yinelenen saat bulmad\u0131m. Saatlik de\u011ferlerden hesaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131m g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalamay\u0131 EP\u0130A\u015e&#x27;\u0131n resmi g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalamas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131mda en b\u00fcy\u00fck fark yakla\u015f\u0131k <strong>0,005 TL\/MWh<\/strong> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu fark, g\u00fcnl\u00fck de\u011ferin iki ondal\u0131kla sunulmas\u0131ndaki yuvarlama d\u00fczeyiyle uyumlu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00f6nemin \u00f6zeti \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>G\u00f6sterge<\/th><th>De\u011fer<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>G\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalamalar\u0131n d\u00f6nem ortalamas\u0131<\/td><td>2.695,67 TL\/MWh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama<\/td><td>27 Eyl\u00fcl&#x27;de 1.424,18 TL\/MWh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>En y\u00fcksek g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama<\/td><td>12 Ekim&#x27;de 3.436,91 TL\/MWh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hafta i\u00e7i ortalamas\u0131, 22 g\u00fcn<\/td><td>2.891,37 TL\/MWh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hafta sonu ortalamas\u0131, 8 g\u00fcn<\/td><td>2.157,50 TL\/MWh<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu \u00f6rneklemde hafta sonu ortalamas\u0131 hafta i\u00e7ine g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k %25,38 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. Bu g\u00f6zlem takvim bilgisini ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 modeline eklemek i\u00e7in bir gerek\u00e7e sunuyor. Ancak 30 g\u00fcnl\u00fck sonu\u00e7tan y\u0131ll\u0131k bir mevsimsellik kural\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131yorum. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fiyat de\u011fi\u015fimini, hen\u00fcz zamanlar\u0131 e\u015fle\u015ftirilmi\u015f haber verim olmadan belirli bir habere ba\u011flam\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kaynakta s\u0131f\u0131r fiyatl\u0131 14 saat de var. Bunlar\u0131 eksik veri gibi silmedim. Veri temizli\u011finde, \u201cbeklemedi\u011fim de\u011fer\u201d ile \u201chatal\u0131 veya eksik de\u011fer\u201d ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 korumak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2340\" height=\"1404\" data-attachment-id=\"1264\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/ptf-30-days\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days.png\" data-orig-size=\"2340,1404\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"ptf-30-days\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;EP\u0130A\u015e PTF pilotu, 21 Eyl\u00fcl\u201320 Ekim 2026. Mavi bant ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f saatlik fiyat aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7izgi g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalamay\u0131 g\u00f6sterir; tahmin aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Kaynak: EP\u0130A\u015e \u015eeffafl\u0131k Platformu, 21 Ekim 2026 \u00e7ekimi.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days-1024x614.png\" class=\"wp-image-1264\" src=\"https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days.png\" alt=\"21 Eyl\u00fcl\u201320 Ekim 2026 g\u00fcnl\u00fck PTF ortalamas\u0131, ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f saatlik fiyat aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck fiyat de\u011fi\u015fimleri.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days.png 2340w, https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days-1024x614.png 1024w, https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days-768x461.png 768w, https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days-1536x922.png 1536w, https:\/\/serhatdiker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ptf-30-days-2048x1229.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2340px) 100vw, 2340px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">EP\u0130A\u015e PTF pilotu, 21 Eyl\u00fcl\u201320 Ekim 2026. Mavi bant ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f saatlik fiyat aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7izgi g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalamay\u0131 g\u00f6sterir; tahmin aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Kaynak: EP\u0130A\u015e \u015eeffafl\u0131k Platformu, 21 Ekim 2026 \u00e7ekimi. G\u00f6rseli b\u00fcy\u00fctmek i\u00e7in dokunun.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modelden \u00f6nce basit referanslar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kuraca\u011f\u0131m modelin de\u011ferini anlamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nce basit fiyat kurallar\u0131n\u0131n hatas\u0131n\u0131 bilmek istedim. \u0130ki referans kulland\u0131m: \u00d6nceki g\u00fcn\u00fcn fiyat\u0131n\u0131 yar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131mak ve hedef g\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nceki haftadaki fiyat\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her iki kural\u0131 da <strong>28 Eyl\u00fcl\u201320 Ekim aras\u0131ndaki ayn\u0131 23 g\u00fcn<\/strong> \u00fczerinde de\u011ferlendirdim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Referans<\/th><th>MAE, TL\/MWh<\/th><th>RMSE, TL\/MWh<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u00d6nceki g\u00fcn\u00fcn fiyat\u0131<\/td><td>404,56<\/td><td>518,48<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00d6nceki haftan\u0131n ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc<\/td><td>517,89<\/td><td>633,44<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MAE ortalama mutlak hatay\u0131, RMSE ise b\u00fcy\u00fck hatalara daha fazla a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k veren hata \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor. Bunlar bir do\u011fruluk y\u00fczdesi de\u011fil. Bu sonu\u00e7lar da e\u011fitilmi\u015f model ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fil, geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck basit referans hesaplar\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130lk kural bu k\u0131sa d\u00f6nemde daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hata \u00fcretti. Uzun deneyde ayn\u0131 s\u0131ralaman\u0131n korunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsaym\u0131yorum. Burada kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u015fey, haberli modeli kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fim \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dccretsiz haber verisi aray\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Haber verisi i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00e7emi <strong>0 TL<\/strong> olarak belirledim. Bu s\u0131n\u0131r veri edinme b\u00fct\u00e7esine ait; sunucu, i\u015flem g\u00fcc\u00fc veya LLM \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma maliyetlerinin de s\u0131f\u0131r oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. Bu nedenle g\u00fcncel haber toplama ile ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131n haber ar\u015fivini ayr\u0131 problemler olarak ele al\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/sitene_ekle.html\">TRT Haber RSS<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/feeds.bbci.co.uk\/news\/world\/rss.xml\">BBC RSS<\/a> g\u00fcncel i\u00e7erik ke\u015ffi i\u00e7in ilk denedi\u011fim kaynaklar oldu. RSS kayd\u0131ndan haberin adresine ula\u015f\u0131p metni yay\u0131nc\u0131 sayfas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131m. RSS ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kendisini y\u0131ll\u0131k tam metin ar\u015fivi olarak kullanamam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.gdeltproject.org\/gdelt-doc-2-0-api-debuts\/\">GDELT<\/a> haber adresi ve metadata ke\u015ffi i\u00e7in bir aday. DOC API&#x27;nin makalenin tam g\u00f6vdesini vermedi\u011fini dikkate al\u0131yorum. 22 Ekim&#x27;deki pilotta \u00fc\u00e7 sorgum HTTP 429 yan\u0131t\u0131 ald\u0131. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta 18 haber hedeflemi\u015ftim, ancak pilotu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen 9 RSS haberiyle raporlad\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ge\u00e7mi\u015f metin i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/commoncrawl.org\/blog\/news-dataset-available\">Common Crawl CC-NEWS<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/huggingface.co\/datasets\/ruggsea\/infini-news-corpus\">Infini-News<\/a> kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131m. CC-NEWS taraf\u0131nda WARC ar\u015fivinden sayfa ve zaman bilgisi \u00e7\u0131karma i\u015fi var. Infini-News v2 i\u00e7in kontrol etti\u011fim kapsam A\u011fustos 2016\u2013Nisan 2026. Bu d\u00f6nem mevcut Eyl\u00fcl\u2013Ekim PTF pilotumla \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcyor. Ayr\u0131ca Infini-News arama API&#x27;siyle corpus dosyalar\u0131ndaki tam metin eri\u015fimi ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bug\u00fcn haber indirebilmek, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte belirli bir tahmin saatinde mevcut olan haber s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc elde etmek anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. Bir sonraki veri ad\u0131m\u0131m\u0131 bu ayr\u0131m belirliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dokuz haberin \u00f6\u011fretti\u011fi zaman problemi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">22 Ekim&#x27;de T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnya ve finans havuzlar\u0131n\u0131n her birinden \u00fc\u00e7er haber se\u00e7tim. TRT ve BBC&#x27;den olu\u015fan bu dokuz haberde, \u00e7ekim an\u0131ndaki editoryal metni ve saat dilimi belirtilmi\u015f ilk yay\u0131n saatini alabildim. Bu, se\u00e7ti\u011fim k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6rnek i\u00e7in bir eri\u015fim bulgusu. B\u00fct\u00fcn haber sitelerinde ayn\u0131 sonucu alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6stermiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha \u00f6nemli bulgu zaman alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: D\u00f6rt BBC kayd\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnde RSS&#x27;teki <code>pubDate<\/code>, ilk yay\u0131n saatine de\u011fil sayfan\u0131n g\u00fcncelleme saatine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir \u00f6rnekte ilk yay\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 06.48, g\u00fcncelleme 09.24, metnin benim sistemime ula\u015fmas\u0131 ise 11.42 idi. Tahmini 11.00&#x27;de \u00fcretmi\u015f olsayd\u0131m, bu yerel kay\u0131t o tahminin girdisi olamazd\u0131. \u00dcstelik g\u00fcncel sayfa g\u00f6vdesinin ilk yay\u0131n an\u0131nda da ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funu do\u011frulam\u0131\u015f de\u011filim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu nedenle veri yap\u0131s\u0131nda ilk yay\u0131n, g\u00fcncelleme, ilk yerel g\u00f6zlem ve i\u00e7erik eri\u015fim zamanlar\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 tutuyorum. Canl\u0131 sistemde LLM etiketinin ne zaman haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu da kaydetmem gerekecek. Aksi halde ge\u00e7mi\u015f test, modelin o anda bilemeyece\u011fi bir bilgiyi kullanarak oldu\u011fundan ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Zaman serilerindeki <strong>bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> problemi burada yaln\u0131zca e\u011fitim\/test ayr\u0131m\u0131ndan ibaret de\u011fil, haberin s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne kadar uzan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LLM ile duygudan \u00e7ok olay \u00e7\u0131karmak<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Haberlerden yaln\u0131zca olumlu veya olumsuz bir duygu skoru \u00e7\u0131karmak, ara\u015ft\u0131rmak istedi\u011fim enerji ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yeterince a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6stermiyor. Bir haberin enerjiyle ilgili olmas\u0131, ertesi g\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye PTF&#x27;si i\u00e7in belirli bir y\u00f6n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmeyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130lk etiket \u015femas\u0131n\u0131 bu y\u00fczden \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 soruya dayand\u0131rd\u0131m: Haber enerjiyle ilgili mi, hangi olay\u0131 anlat\u0131yor ve T\u00fcrkiye PTF&#x27;siyle kurulabilecek ba\u011flant\u0131 metinde ne kadar destekleniyor?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dokuz haber \u00fczerinde sohbet asistan\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m ilk incelemede yedi haberde enerji ilgisi bulunmad\u0131. Bir haberde yaln\u0131zca enerjiyle ili\u015fkili bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck vard\u0131. Bir haberde ise enerji ikincil konuydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rne\u011fin bir arsa sat\u0131\u015f haberindeki \u201cakaryak\u0131t istasyonu\u201d ifadesi, yeni bir enerji tesisi devreye girdi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. Rusya\u2013Ukrayna konulu ba\u015fka bir haberde yak\u0131t arz\u0131 ve yapt\u0131r\u0131m ba\u011flam\u0131 bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, T\u00fcrkiye elektrik \u00fcretim maliyetine aktar\u0131m\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fc ve ertesi g\u00fcne yeti\u015fip yeti\u015fmeyece\u011fi belirsizdi. Bu \u00f6rne\u011fi zorla fiyat art\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na koymad\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu ilk etiketler bir uzman referans k\u00fcmesi olu\u015fturmuyor. Ayr\u0131, izole bir yerel LLM\/API deneyi de hen\u00fcz yapmad\u0131m. Haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m istem ve JSON \u015femas\u0131, sonraki deneyi tutarl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131. \u015eeman\u0131n ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131n\u0131n anlamca do\u011fru oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlam\u0131yor. \u0130nsan kontrol\u00fcyle etiket kalitesini, fiyat deneyinde ise etiketlerin tahmine katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ece\u011fim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Literat\u00fcrden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m y\u00f6ntem dersi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yak\u0131n \u00f6rneklerden biri, Bi ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/html\/2506.11050v1\">NSW-EPNews: A News-Augmented Benchmark for Electricity Price Forecasting with LLMs<\/a><\/strong> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131. \u0130nceledi\u011fim arXiv v1 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc bir \u00f6n bask\u0131. Avustralya NSW piyasas\u0131nda fiyat ge\u00e7mi\u015fini, haberleri ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 birle\u015ftirerek ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fcn 48 yar\u0131m saatlik fiyat\u0131n\u0131 hedefliyor. LLM&#x27;ler hem haber haz\u0131rlamada hem do\u011frudan fiyat dizisi \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kendi deneyim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m y\u00f6ntem dersi, ek girdilerin katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek. \u0130nceledi\u011fim s\u00fcr\u00fcmde haber ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n birlikte \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma var. B\u00f6yle bir fark\u0131 yaln\u0131z habere ba\u011flayamam. Ben de bu nedenle say\u0131sal kontrolleri sabit tutup haber temsilini de\u011fi\u015ftiren bir deney planl\u0131yorum. Makalenin deneylerini yeniden \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f de\u011filim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apenergy.2021.116983\">Lago ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n elektrik fiyat\u0131 tahmini derlemesi<\/a> de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc referanslar ve yeterli test d\u00f6nemi kullanman\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurguluyor. Haber veya LLM kullan\u0131m\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck iddias\u0131 kurmam i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fil. Tezimin katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye piyasas\u0131na uygun olay temsili, zaman kurallar\u0131na uygun veri haz\u0131rlama ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme \u00fczerinden konumland\u0131r\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00fc\u00e7 kollu deney<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta haz\u0131r bir LLM&#x27;yi haberlerden alan \u00e7\u0131karmak, ayr\u0131 bir regresyon modelini ise fiyat tahmin etmek i\u00e7in kullanmay\u0131 planl\u0131yorum. Say\u0131sal model i\u00e7in ilk aday\u0131m CatBoost. Hen\u00fcz bu veri \u00fczerinde e\u011fitmedi\u011fim i\u00e7in en iyi algoritma oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyemem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma tasla\u011f\u0131m \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Kol<\/th><th>Girdiler<\/th><th>\u00d6l\u00e7mek istedi\u011fim<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>M0<\/td><td>PTF ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ve takvim<\/td><td>Say\u0131sal referans<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M1<\/td><td>Ayn\u0131 say\u0131sal girdiler ve basit haber say\u0131mlar\u0131<\/td><td>Basit haber temsilinin katk\u0131s\u0131<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M2<\/td><td>Ayn\u0131 say\u0131sal girdiler ve LLM olay \u00f6zellikleri<\/td><td>LLM temsilinin ek katk\u0131s\u0131<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Santral ar\u0131zas\u0131 ve bak\u0131m\u0131, do\u011fal gaz\/k\u00f6m\u00fcr arz\u0131, yak\u0131t maliyetleri, hidroloji ve ilgili d\u00fczenlemeler ilk olay s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 adaylar\u0131m. Haberin \u00fclkesi, tesisi, zaman\u0131, metinde varsa kapasite\/s\u00fcre bilgisi ve kan\u0131t paragraf\u0131 tutulacak. Ayn\u0131 olay\u0131n kopya haberleri say\u0131m\u0131 \u015fi\u015firmemeli. \u201cHaber yok\u201d ile \u201cveri kayna\u011f\u0131na eri\u015filemedi\u201d de ayn\u0131 de\u011fer olmamal\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dc\u00e7 kolda ayn\u0131 hedef g\u00fcnleri, ayn\u0131 bilgi kesimini ve e\u015fit ayar b\u00fct\u00e7esini kullanaca\u011f\u0131m. Ar\u015fiv kapsam\u0131 elverirse yakla\u015f\u0131k 2\u20133 y\u0131ll\u0131k g\u00fcnl\u00fck veri \u00fczerinde, zaman s\u0131ral\u0131 e\u011fitim\/do\u011frulama\/test d\u00fczeni kurmak istiyorum. MAE ve RMSE&#x27;yi ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m. Haberli modelin iyile\u015fmesi de iyile\u015fmemesi de bu deneyin sonucu olabilir. Tahmin hatas\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131, haberlerin fiyat \u00fczerindeki nedensel etkisini tek ba\u015f\u0131na kan\u0131tlamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Buradan canl\u0131 uygulamaya<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u0131radaki ara\u015ft\u0131rma ad\u0131m\u0131m, \u00f6nce k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ortak d\u00f6nemde ge\u00e7mi\u015f haber metinlerini ve PTF&#x27;yi e\u015fle\u015ftirmek. Mevcut 30 g\u00fcnl\u00fck fiyat verisiyle dokuz g\u00fcncel haber, tarihleri \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fen bir e\u011fitim k\u00fcmesi olu\u015fturmuyor. Uzun veri setine ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce kaynak, metin ve zaman kapsam\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak istiyorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sonras\u0131nda do\u011frudan enerji haberlerini de i\u00e7eren insan kontroll\u00fc bir etiket k\u00fcmesi, say\u0131sal referans ve \u00fc\u00e7 kollu deney gelecek. \u0130lk akademik \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131y\u0131 bildiriye, ard\u0131ndan tez \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeyi planl\u0131yorum. \u015eimdiye kadarki ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve plan\u0131 dan\u0131\u015fman g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi i\u00e7in bir sunumda da toplad\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130lerleyen a\u015famada veri i\u015fleme hatt\u0131n\u0131 ve tahmin servisini sunucu \u00fczerinde geli\u015ftirmeyi planl\u0131yorum. Web panelinde ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fcn tahminini, sonradan a\u00e7\u0131klanan PTF&#x27;yi, hata \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerini ve model s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermek istiyorum. Tahmini, hedef fiyat a\u00e7\u0131klanmadan \u00f6nce kaydetmek bu uygulaman\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu serinin devam\u0131nda veri kapsam\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015flettik\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m sorunlar\u0131, y\u00f6ntem se\u00e7imlerini ve \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131m. Bir sonraki teknik konu, \u00fccretsiz haber ar\u015fivinden tahmin saatine uygun bir veri setinin kurulmas\u0131 olacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kaynaklar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>EP\u0130A\u015e, <strong>G\u00fcn \u00d6ncesi Piyasas\u0131 \/ S\u00fcre\u00e7ler<\/strong>. Resmi s\u00fcre\u00e7 sayfas\u0131, 11.03.2016. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epias.com.tr\/gun-oncesi-piyasasi\/surecler\/\">https:\/\/www.epias.com.tr\/gun-oncesi-piyasasi\/surecler\/<\/a> Eri\u015fim: 23.10.2026.<\/li><li>EP\u0130A\u015e \u015eeffafl\u0131k Platformu, <strong>PTF g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama ve saatlik PTF veri servisleri<\/strong>. \u00c7ekim: 21.10.2026. G\u00fcnl\u00fck: <a href=\"https:\/\/seffaflik.epias.com.tr\/reporting-service\/v1\/mcp-average\/data\/daily\">https:\/\/seffaflik.epias.com.tr\/reporting-service\/v1\/mcp-average\/data\/daily<\/a> Saatlik: <a href=\"https:\/\/seffaflik.epias.com.tr\/electricity-service\/v1\/markets\/dam\/data\/mcp\">https:\/\/seffaflik.epias.com.tr\/electricity-service\/v1\/markets\/dam\/data\/mcp<\/a><\/li><li>Bi, Z., Huang, L., Jin, H., Zeng, Q., Chen, H. <strong>NSW-EPNews: A News-Augmented Benchmark for Electricity Price Forecasting with LLMs<\/strong>. 2025, arXiv:2506.11050v1, \u00f6n bask\u0131. <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/html\/2506.11050v1\">https:\/\/arxiv.org\/html\/2506.11050v1<\/a> \u0130ncelenen s\u00fcr\u00fcm v1, eri\u015fim: 23.10.2026.<\/li><li>Lago, J., Marcjasz, G., De Schutter, B., Weron, R. <strong>Forecasting day-ahead electricity prices: A review of state-of-the-art algorithms, best practices and an open-access benchmark<\/strong>. Applied Energy 293, 116983, 2021, hakemli dergi yay\u0131n\u0131. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apenergy.2021.116983\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apenergy.2021.116983<\/a> \u00d6n bask\u0131: <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2008.08004\">https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2008.08004<\/a> \u0130nceleme\/eri\u015fim kayd\u0131: 20\u201322.10.2026.<\/li><li>TRT Haber, <strong>RSS<\/strong>, g\u00fcncel ak\u0131\u015flar. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/sitene_ekle.html\">https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/sitene_ekle.html<\/a> BBC, <strong>World \/ Business RSS<\/strong>, g\u00fcncel ak\u0131\u015flar. <a href=\"https:\/\/feeds.bbci.co.uk\/news\/world\/rss.xml\">https:\/\/feeds.bbci.co.uk\/news\/world\/rss.xml<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/feeds.bbci.co.uk\/news\/business\/rss.xml\">https:\/\/feeds.bbci.co.uk\/news\/business\/rss.xml<\/a> Pilot eri\u015fimi: 22.10.2026.<\/li><li>The GDELT Project, <strong>GDELT DOC 2.0 API Debuts!<\/strong>, 20.06.2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.gdeltproject.org\/gdelt-doc-2-0-api-debuts\/\">https:\/\/blog.gdeltproject.org\/gdelt-doc-2-0-api-debuts\/<\/a> \u0130nceleme\/eri\u015fim: 21\u201322.10.2026.<\/li><li>Common Crawl \/ Sebastian Nagel, <strong>News Dataset Available<\/strong>, 04.10.2016. <a href=\"https:\/\/commoncrawl.org\/blog\/news-dataset-available\">https:\/\/commoncrawl.org\/blog\/news-dataset-available<\/a> \u0130nceleme\/eri\u015fim: 21\u201322.10.2026.<\/li><li>Infini-News \/ University of Graz, <strong>Infini-News corpus v2<\/strong>, sabit yay\u0131n tarihi bu incelemede do\u011frulanmad\u0131. <a href=\"https:\/\/huggingface.co\/datasets\/ruggsea\/infini-news-corpus\">https:\/\/huggingface.co\/datasets\/ruggsea\/infini-news-corpus<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/infini-news.uni-graz.at\/api-docs\">https:\/\/infini-news.uni-graz.at\/api-docs<\/a> Kapsam kontrol\u00fc\/eri\u015fim: 21\u201322.10.2026.<\/li><li>CatBoost geli\u015ftiricileri, <strong>CatBoost documentation<\/strong>, g\u00fcncelleme tarihi\/sabit s\u00fcr\u00fcm belirtilmedi. <a href=\"https:\/\/catboost.ai\/docs\/en\/\">https:\/\/catboost.ai\/docs\/en\/<\/a> \u0130nceleme\/eri\u015fim: 22.10.2026.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Y\u00fcksek lisans tezimde haberlerden LLM ile \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan enerji olaylar\u0131n\u0131n PTF tahminine katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum. EP\u0130A\u015e veri pilotunu, \u00fccretsiz haberleri ve deney plan\u0131m\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1263,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"Y\u00fcksek lisans tezimde haberler ve LLM ile PTF tahminini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum. EP\u0130A\u015e verileri, \u00fccretsiz haber pilotu ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 deney plan\u0131m.","jetpack_seo_html_title":"LLM ile Haberlerden Elektrik Fiyat\u0131 Tahmini: \u0130lk Veri Pilotlar\u0131","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Bir haber elektrik fiyat\u0131 tahminine ne zaman ger\u00e7ekten bilgi katar?\n\nY\u00fcksek lisans tezimde haberlerden LLM ile \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan enerji olaylar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye PTF tahminine katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum. Akademik serimin ilk yaz\u0131s\u0131nda EP\u0130A\u015e veri pilotunu, \u00fccretsiz haber kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve M0\/M1\/M2 deney plan\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131m.\n\n\u0130lk ders: Haberin ilk yay\u0131n saati, g\u00fcncellenme saati ve sisteme ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 an ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fil. 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